RT-11 Help File
Table of Contents:
APL Invokes the APL language interpreter
SYNTAX
APL
SEMANTICS
See the APL-11 Programmer's Reference Manual
OPTIONS
None
EXAMPLES
APL
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ASSIGN Associates a logical device name with a physical device
SYNTAX
ASSIGN physical-device-name logical-device-name
SEMANTICS
Physical-device-name is the RT-11 standard permanent name for
the device. Logical-device-name is one to three alphanumeric
characters long with no intervening spaces or tabs.
The physical name and logical name must be separated by a space.
OPTIONS
None
EXAMPLES
ASSIGN RK1: DK:
ASSIGN TT: LP:
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B Sets a relocation base
SYNTAX
B[ address]
SEMANTICS
B address sets a base for subsequent Examine (E) and Deposit
(D) commands. The system adds the current base to the value
you supply in an Examine or Deposit command. If address is
missing, the base is set to zero.
OPTIONS
None
EXAMPLES
B Sets base to 0
B 6704 Sets base to 6704 octal
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BASIC Invokes the BASIC language interpreter
SYNTAX
BASIC
SEMANTICS
See the BASIC-11 Language Reference Manual
OPTIONS
None
EXAMPLES
BASIC
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BOOT Boots a new system
SYNTAX
BOOT filespec
SEMANTICS
BOOT dev: does a hardware bootstrap of the device you specify.
BOOT dev:monitor-file boots the monitor file you specify.
The default file type is SYS.
OPTIONS
FOREIGN
Boots a system volume that is not an RT-11 Version 4 volume;
use this option to boot a V3B or earlier system
WAIT
Waits for user response before proceeding with the bootstrap
EXAMPLES
BOOT RK1:
BOOT RK:RT11FB
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CLOSE Makes background output files permanent
SYNTAX
CLOSE
SEMANTICS
CLOSE makes tenative background files permanent. Use it after
unexpected program termination to preserve new files. It does
not affect the foreground job. You cannot use it on files
opened on magtape or cassette.
OPTIONS
None
EXAMPLES
R PROG
(Program running)
(CTRL/C)(CTRL/C)
CLOSE
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COMPILE Translates source programs
SYNTAX
COMPILE[/options] filespecs[/options]
SEMANTICS
To compile multiple files (up to six) into a single OBJ file,
separate the files with plus (+) signs in the command line.
Multiple files separated by commas (,) are compiled
independently. You establish which compiler is invoked by
specifying the compiler as a command or file option, by
explicitly specifying the source file type, or by letting the
system search for the file type.
The default file types for output files are .LST for listing
files and .OBJ for binary files. Default file types for input
are .MAC for macro programs, .FOR for FORTRAN programs,
and .DBL for DIBOL programs.
OPTIONS
ALLOCATE:size
Reserves space for an output file
ALPHABETIZE DIBOL
Alphabetizes the symbol table
CODE:type FORTRAN
Specifies the type of machine code to generate
CROSSREFERENCE[:type[...:type]] MACRO/DIBOL
Generates a cross-reference table in the listing file
DIAGNOSE FORTRAN
Expands compiler crash dump information
DIBOL
Uses the DIBOL compiler to translate the source files
DISABLE:value[...:value] MACRO
Specifies a .DSABL directive
ENABLE:value[...:value] MACRO
Specifies an .ENABL directive
EXTEND FORTRAN
Enables 80-column source input
FORTRAN
Uses the FORTRAN compiler to translate source programs
HEADER FORTRAN
Includes the "options-in-effect" header in the listing file
I4 FORTRAN
Allocates 4 bytes for single-precision integers
LIBRARY MACRO
Identifies a file as a macro library file
LINENUMBERS DIBOL/FORTRAN (default)
Includes internal sequence numbers in the compiled program
LIST[:filespec]
Produces a listing file
MACRO
Uses the MACRO assembler to translate source programs
NOLINENUMBERS DIBOL/FORTRAN
Supresses internal sequence numbers in compiled programs
NOOBJECT
Supresses output of the binary object file
NOOPTIMIZE[:type] FORTRAN
Disables a specific optimization
NOSHOW:value MACRO
Specifies an .NLIST directive
NOSWAP FORTRAN
Causes a compiled program to keep the USR resident while
running
NOVECTORS FORTRAN
Specifies array access by multiplication operations
NOWARNINGS DIBOL/FORTRAN
Supresses warning messages during compilation
OBJECT[:filespec]
Specifies a file name for the object file
ONDEBUG DIBOL/FORTRAN
Compiles D lines in FORTRAN; includes a symbol table in DIBOL
binary output
OPTIMIZE[:type] FORTRAN
Enables a specific optimization
PASS:1 MACRO
Specifies a file as a prefix macro or conditional file
RECORD:length FORTAN
Alters the default record length for sequential ASCII
formatted I/O
SHOW:value FORTRAN/MACRO
Specifies a .LIST directive to MACRO; controls FORTRAN listing
contents
STATISTICS FORTRAN
Includes compilation statistics in the listing file
SWAP FORTRAN (default)
Causes a compiled program to swap the USR during execution
UNITS:n FORTRAN
Specifies the number of logical units that can be open at once
VECTORS FORTRAN (default)
Specifies array access by tabular lookup
WARNINGS DIBOL/FORTRAN
Includes warning messages in the listing file
EXAMPLES
COMPILE/LIST MYPROG.FOR
COMPILE/FORTRAN/LIST:FILE1.LST A+B
COMPILE A.MAC/LIST,B.FOR
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COPY Copies files
SYNTAX
COPY[/options] input-filespecs[/options] output-filespec[/option]
SEMANTICS
The COPY command accepts up to six input file specifications
but only one output file specification. It accepts wildcards
in place of file names or file types.
OPTIONS
ALLOCATE:size
Reserves space for an output file
ASCII
Copies files in ASCII mode, ignoring nulls and rubouts
BINARY
Copies files in formatted binary mode
BOOT[:dd]
Copies bootstrap information from a monitor file to the boot
blocks of a random access device; use the optional device name
if you are creating a volume to boot on a different device
(for example, using an RX02 to create a floppy bootable on an
RX01)
CONCATENATE
Combines several input files into a single output file
DEVICE
Copies the image of a device to another device, block for block
DOS
Specifies that a file is in RSTS/E or DOS-11 format
END:n
Specifies the last block of the device being read; must be used
with /DEVICE and /START:n
EXCLUDE
Copies all files on a device except the ones you specify
FILES
Copies a volume image to or from a file on another device;
must be used with /DEVICE
IGNORE
Ignores errors during a copy operation
IMAGE (default)
Copies files byte for byte, regardless of their content
INTERCHANGE:n
Specifies that a diskette file is in interchange format; n is
the record length in characters
LOG
Lists on the terminal the names of the files copied
NEWFILES
Copies only those files dated with the current system date
NOLOG
Supresses the terminal log of copied files
NOQUERY
Does not require confirmation before copying each file
NOREPLACE
Does not perform the copy operation if a file with the same
name as the output file already exists on the output device
OWNER:[nnn,nnn]
Specifies the UIC for a file in DOS-11 format
PACKED
Specifies word-for-word transfers for PDP-11 files, EBCDIC
format for interchange diskette files, and packed image format
for PDP-10 files.
POSITION:n
Controls rewind when you copy files to or from magtape or
cassette
PREDELETE
Deletes any duplicate files on the output device before
performing the copy operation
QUERY
Requires user confirmation before copying each file
REPLACE (default)
Deletes any duplicate files on the output device after the
copy completes
SETDATE
Puts the current system date on all files transferred
SLOWLY
Transfers files one block at a time
START:n
Specifies the starting block number of the non-file structured
volume being read or written; must be used with /DEVICE
SYSTEM
Copies .SYS files
TOPS
Specifies that the input file is on a DECsystem-10 formatted
dectape
VERIFY
Reads, writes, and then rereads and compares the input and output
transfers; valid only with the /DEVICE option
WAIT
Waits for user response before starting the copy operation;
must be used when the system volume is replaced with a data
volume
EXAMPLES
COPY A.FOR DX1:B.FOR
COPY/BOOT RK1:RT11SJ RK1:
COPY A.FOR+B.FOR C.FOR
COPY A%B.MAC DX0:*.MAC
COPY/ASCII MTA1.FOR DT1:TEST.FOR/ALLOCATE:50
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CREATE Creates or extends a file at a specific place
SYNTAX
CREATE[/options] filespec[/options]
SEMANTICS
Filespec in the device name, file name, and file type of the
file to create or extend
OPTIONS
ALLOCATE:size
Specifies the number of blocks to allocate to the created file;
must follow the filespec
EXTENSION:n
Extends the specified existing file by n blocks if possible
START:block
Specifies the starting block on the device of the created file
EXAMPLES
CREATE DX1:SWAP.SYS/START:6/ALLOCATE:25.
CREATE/EXTENSION:100 FILE.DAT
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D Deposits values in memory
SYNTAX
D address=value[,...value]
SEMANTICS
The system deposits the octal values in memory, starting at the
specified address offset by the current base. Each value
deposited replaces a full word.
OPTIONS
None
EXAMPLES
D 300=0
D 1000=5020,776
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DATE Sets or displays the current system date
SYNTAX
DATE[ dd-mmm-yy]
SEMANTICS
All numeric values are decimal; mmm represents the first three
characters of the name of the month.
OPTIONS
None
EXAMPLES
DATE 12-MAR-80
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DEASSIGN Removes logical device name assignments
SYNTAX
DEASSIGN[ logical-device-name]
SEMANTICS
The DEASSIGN command without an argument disassociates all
logical names from all physical devices.
OPTIONS
None
EXAMPLES
DEASSIGN INP:
DEASSIGN
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DELETE Removes files from a device or queue
SYNTAX
DELETE[/options] filespecs
SEMANTICS
This command deletes the files you specify from the device
or from the queue manager queue.
The DELETE command accepts wildcards in place of a file name
or file type.
CAUTION! "DELETE DT:A.MAC,B.FOR" deletes DT:A.MAC and DK:B.FOR,
not DT:B.FOR.
OPTIONS
DOS
Deletes files you specify from a DOS-11 or RSTS/E dectape
ENTRY
Deletes an entry from the queue (does not delete a file)
EXCLUDE
Deletes all files except the ones you specify
INTERCHANGE
Deletes a file from an interchange format diskette
LOG
Lists on the terminal the names of the files deleted
NEWFILES
Deletes only those files dated with the current system date
NOQUERY
Does not require confirmation before deleting files
POSITION:n
Directs cassette tape operations
QUERY (default)
Requires confirmation before deleting each file
SYSTEM
Deletes .SYS files
WAIT
Waits for user response before proceeding with the delete
EXAMPLES
DELETE MYPROG.OBJ
DELETE/EXCLUDE DX0:*.SAV
DELETE/NEWFILES DX1:*.*
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DIBOL Invokes the DIBOL language compiler
SYNTAX
DIBOL[/options] filespecs
SEMANTICS
Separate multiple source files by plus (+) signs in the command
line to compile them into a single OBJ file. Multiple files
separated by commas (,) are compiled independently.
Deafult file types are .DBL for input, .LST for listing output,
and .OBJ for binary output.
OPTIONS
ALLOCATE:size
Reserves space for an output file
ALPHABETIZE
Alphabetizes the symbol table
CROSSREFERENCE
Generates a cross-reference table in the listing file
LINENUMBERS (default)
Includes internal sequence numbers in the compiled program
LIST[:filespec]
Produces a listing file
NOLINENUMBERS
Supresses internal sequence numbers in compiled programs
NOOBJECT
Supresses output of the binary object file
NOWARNINGS
Supresses warning messages during compilation
OBJECT[:filespec]
Specifies a file name for the object file
ONDEBUG
Includes a symbol table in the binary output for debugging
purposes
WARNINGS (default)
Includes warning messages in the listing file
EXAMPLES
DIBOL/LIST A
DIBOL A+B/LIST/OBJECT
DIBOL B/LIST,C/NOBJECT/LIST
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DIFFERENCES Compares two files and lists the differences
SYNTAX
DIFFERENCES[/options] filespec1,filespec2
SEMANTICS
Filespec1 and filespec2 are the files to be compared. The file
named in filespec1 shows up as file 1 in the differences
listing. The default file types are .MAC for input, and
.DIF for output.
OPTIONS
ALLOCATE:size
Reserves space for an output file
ALWAYS
Always produces an output file after a binary comparison, even
if there were no differences
AUDITTRAIL
Includes an audit trail in the output file; valid only with
the /SLP option
BINARY
Compares binary files
BLANKLINES
Includes blank lines in the comparison
BYTES
Does binary comparison byte by byte, rather than word by word
CHANGEBAR
Includes a changebar character on lines in the output file that
differ from the first input file
COMMENTS (default)
Includes assembly language comments in the comparison
END:n
Specifies the ending block in the file for a binary comparison
FORMFEED
Includes formfeeds in the output listing
MATCH:n
Specifies the number of lines that must agree to constitute
a match
NOCOMMENTS
Excludes assembly language comments from the comparison
NOSPACES
Excludes spaces and tabs from the comparison
NOTRIM
Includes trailing spaces and tabs in the comparison
OUTPUT[:filespec]
Specifies the file name for the differences listing file
PRINTER
Prints the differences listing on the line printer
QUIET
Prints only a summary for a binary comparison
SIPP:filnam.typ
Specifies the name of the file to contain the SIPP commands
that would change the first input file to the second file
(binary comparison only)
SLP
Produces an output file suitable for input to SLP
SPACES (default)
Includes spaces and tabs in the comparison
START:n
Specifies the starting block in the file for a binary comparison
TERMINAL (default)
Types the differences listing on the terminal
TRIM (default)
Excludes trailing spaces and tabs from the comparison
EXAMPLES
DIFFERENCES FILE1.TXT,FILE2.TXT
DIFFERENCES/MATCH:1/OUTPUT:DIFF.TXT FILE1.TXT,FILE2.TXT
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DIRECTORY Lists device or file directories
SYNTAX
DIRECTORY[/options] [ filespecs[/BEGIN]]
The syntax for specifying a date is [:dd][:mmm][:yy].
SEMANTICS
This command generates a listing of the directory you specify.
The default is a directory of the device DK:.
Specify only one input device. You can use wildcards in a file
specification. The default file type for output is .DIR.
OPTIONS
ALLOCATE:size
Use with /OUTPUT to reserve space for the output listing file
ALPHABETIZE
Sorts the directory in alphabetical order by file name and type
BADBLOCKS
Scans the device for bad blocks and types their octal number
BEFORE[date]
Lists the files created before the date you specify
BEGIN
Lists the directory, starting with the file you specify
BLOCKS
Lists the starting block numbers of the files
BRIEF
Lists only file names and file types of files; same as /FAST
COLUMNS:n
Specifes the number of columns in the directory listing
DATE[date]
Lists the files created on the date you specify
DELETED
Lists a directory of file names that have been deleted
DOS
Lists the directory of a DOS-11 or RSTS/E volume
END
Specifies the ending block of the bad block scan; valid only
with the /BADBLOCKS option
EXCLUDE
Lists all files except those you specify
FAST
Lists only file names and file types of files; same as /BRIEF
FILES
Prints the name of each file in which a bad block is found;
valid only with the /BADBLOCKS option
FREE
Lists unused areas
FULL
Lists the entire directory, including unused areas
INTERCHANGE
Lists the directory of an interchange format diskette
NEWFILES
Lists only those files dated with the current system date
OCTAL
Lists file sizes and starting block numbers in octal
ORDER[:category]
Orders the directory listing according to the category
you specify; same as /SORT. Categories are:
NAME- orders alphabetically by file name
TYPE- orders alphabetically by file type
SIZE- orders by file size
DATE- orders by creation date
POSITION- orders by file position on the device
OUTPUT:filespec
Outputs the directory listing to the file you specify
OWNER:[nnn,nnn]
Specifies the UIC of the directory to be listed; valid only
with the /DOS option
POSITION
Lists the file sequence numbers of the files on a magtape
PRINTER
Prints the directory on the line printer
REVERSE
Reverses the order of any directory sort in effect
SINCE[date]
Lists files created on or after the date you specify
SORT[:category]
Orders the directory listing according to the category
you specify; same as /ORDER
START:n
Specifies the starting block number of the bad block scan;
valid only with the /BADBLOCKS option
SUMMARY
Lists the segment structure of the directory you specify
TERMINAL (default)
Lists the directory on the terminal
TOPS
Lists the directory of a DECsystem-10 formatted DECtape
VERIFY
Reads, rewrites, and then rereads all bad blocks; valid only
with the /BADBLOCKS option
VOLUMEID[:ONLY]
Prints the disk or magtape volume ID and owner name; if :ONLY
is not present, also lists the directory
WAIT
Waits for user response before starting the operation;
valid only with the /BADBLOCKS option; must be used when
the system volume is replaced with a data volume
EXAMPLES
DIRECTORY
DIRECTORY/BADBLOCKS RK1:
DIRECTORY MYPROG.MAC
DIRECTORY/FULL/BEFORE:12:APR:77 DK:
DIRECTORY/EXCLUDE DX0:(*.SAV,*.SYS)
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DUMP Prints formatted data dumps of files or devices
SYNTAX
DUMP[/options] filespec
SEMANTICS
Filespec represents the device or file to be dumped.
The default file type for output files is .DMP.
OPTIONS
ALLOCATE:size
Reserves space for an output file
ASCII (default)
Prints the ASCII equivalent of each word or byte dumped
BYTES
Displays the dumped information as octal bytes
END:block
Specifies the last block to be dumped
FOREIGN
Indicates that a magtape does not contain an RT-11 file
structure
IGNORE
Dumps a file that contains a disk error
NOASCII
Supresses output of ASCII equivalents of the data dumped
ONLY:block
Dumps only the block you specify
OUTPUT:filespec
Outputs the dump listing to the file you specify
PRINTER (default)
Outputs the dump listing to the line printer
RAD50
Prints the RAD50 equivalent of each word dumped
START:block
Specifies the first block to be dumped
TERMINAL
Types the dump listing on the terminal
WORDS (default)
Displays the dump information as octal words
EXAMPLES
DUMP A.OBJ
DUMP/OUTPUT:MACLIB/BYTES/ONLY:1 SYSMAC.MAC
DUMP/NOASCII/RAD50/ONLY:6 RK0:
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E Prints the contents of memory on the terminal
SYNTAX
E address[-address]
SEMANTICS
Prints in octal the values of the words in the specified
address range, offset by the current base.
OPTIONS
None
EXAMPLES
E 1000
E 2000-2076
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EDIT Invokes the text editor
SYNTAX
EDIT[options] filespec[/ALLOCATE:size]
SEMANTICS
If you do not specify an option, an Edit Backup for the
file you specify is assumed.
/CREATE performs an Edit Write for the file.
/INSPECT performs an Edit Read for the file.
EDIT/OUTPUT:B A is equivalent to an Edit Read on file A
and an Edit Write for file B.
OPTIONS
ALLOCATE:size
Reserves space for an output file
CREATE
Creates a new file with the name you specify
EXECUTE:filespec
Executes the TECO commands contained in the file;
use with /TECO
INSPECT
Opens the file you specify for reading only
KED
Invokes the KED editor
K52
Invokes the VT52 version of the KED editor
OUTPUT:filename
Opens the file you specify for output of the edited text
TECO
Invokes the TECO editor
EXAMPLES
EDIT FILE
EDIT/CREATE FILE.NEW
EDIT/INSPECT FILE.OLD
EDIT/OUTPUT:A B
EDIT FILE/ALLOCATE:150
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EXECUTE Translates, links, and runs a program with one command
SYNTAX
EXECUTE[/options] filespecs[/options]
SEMANTICS
To compile multiple files (up to six) into a single OBJ file,
separate the files with plus (+) signs in the command line.
Multiple files separated by commas (,) are compiled
independently. You establish which compiler is invoked by
specifying the compiler as a command or file option, by
explicitly specifying the source file type, or by letting the
system search for the file type.
The default file types for output are .LST for listing
files, .MAP for load map files, .OBJ for binary output
files, and .SAV for memory image files. Default file types
for input are .MAC for macro programs, .FOR for FORTRAN
programs, and .DBL for DIBOL programs.
OPTIONS
ALLOCATE:size
Reserves space for an output file
ALPHABETIZE DIBOL
Alphabetizes the symbol table
BOTTOM:n
Specifies the lowest address to be used in the linked program
CODE:type FORTRAN
Specifies the type of machine code to generate
CROSSREFERENCE[:type[...:type]] MACRO/DIBOL
Generates a cross-reference table in the listing file
DEBUG[:filespec]
Links ODT (or the specified file) with the program as a
debugging aid
DIAGNOSE FORTRAN
Expands compiler crash dump information
DIBOL
Uses the DIBOL compiler to translate the source files
DISABLE:value[...:value] MACRO
Specifies a .DSABL directive
ENABLE:value[...:value] MACRO
Specifies an .ENABL directive
EXECUTE[:filespec]
Specifies the name of the memory image file
EXTEND FORTRAN
Enables 80-column source input
FORTRAN
Uses the FORTRAN compiler to translate source programs
HEADER FORTRAN
Includes the "options-in-effect" header in the listing file
I4 FORTRAN
Allocates 4 bytes for single-precision integers
LIBRARY MACRO
Identifies a file as a macro library file
LINENUMBERS DIBOL/FORTRAN (default)
Includes internal sequence numbers in the compiled program
LIST[:filespec]
Produces a listing file
MACRO
Uses the macro assembler to translate source programs
MAP[:filespec]
Produces a load map
NOLINENUMBERS DIBOL/FORTRAN
Supresses internal sequence numbers in compiled programs
NOOPTIMIZE[:type] FORTRAN
Disables a specific optimization
NORUN
Prevents program execution after the link operation completes
NOSHOW:value MACRO
Specifies an .NLIST directive
NOSWAP FORTRAN
Causes a compiled program to keep the USR resident
during execution
NOVECTORS FORTRAN
Specifies array access by multiplication operations
NOWARNINGS DIBOL/FORTRAN
Supresses warning messages during compilation
OBJECT[:filespec]
Specifies a file name for the object file
ONDEBUG DIBOL/FORTRAN
Compiles D lines in FORTRAN; includes a symbol table in DIBOL
binary output
OPTIMIZE[:type] FORTRAN
Enables a specific optimization
PASS:1 MACRO
Specifies a file as a prefix macro or conditional file
RECORD:length FORTAN
Alters the default record length for sequential ASCII
formatted I/O
RUN (default)
Starts the program after the link operation completes
SHOW:value FORTRAN/MACRO
Specifies a .LIST directive to MACRO; controls FORTRAN listing
contents
STATISTICS FORTRAN
Includes compilation statistics in the listing file
SWAP FORTRAN (default)
Causes a compiled program to swap the USR during execution
UNITS:n FORTRAN
Specifies the number of logical units that can be open at once
VECTORS FORTRAN (default)
Specifies array access by tabular lookup
WARNINGS DIBOL/FORTRAN
Includes warning messages in the listing file
WIDE
Produces a load map that is 132 columns wide
EXAMPLES
EXECUTE MYPROG.FOR
EXECUTE RTN1,RTN2,MYPROG/EXECUTE
EXECUTE A+B/LIST/OBJECT,MYLIB/LIBRARY+C.MAC/LIST/OBJECT
EXECUTE/NORUN/FORTRAN/LIST:FILE1 A+B
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FORMAT Formats and/or verifies a volume
SYNTAX
FORMAT[/options] filespec
SEMANTICS
Filespec is the name and unit number of the device to be
formatted or checked. No file name or type is allowed.
OPTIONS
NOQUERY
Does not require confirmation before starting the
initialization
PATTERN[:value]
Selects the patterns to use during pattern checking
QUERY (default)
Requires confirmation before beginning the initialization
SINGLEDENSITY
Requests that an RX02 diskette be formatted as a single density
volume
VERIFY[:ONLY]
Does pattern checking on the volume after formatting it;
does not format if ONLY is included
WAIT
Waits for confirmation before proceeding with the operation
EXAMPLES
FORMAT RK0:/VERIFY/PATTERN:7
FORMAT DY0:/SINGLEDENSITY/WAIT
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FORTRAN Invokes the FORTRAN language compiler
SYNTAX
FORTRAN[/options] filespecs
SEMANTICS
To compile multiple files (up to six) into a single OBJ file,
separate the files with plus (+) signs in the command line.
Multiple files separated by commas (,) are compiled
independently.
The default file types for output are .LST for listing files
and .OBJ for binary output. The default input file type
is .FOR.
OPTIONS
ALLOCATE:size
Reserves space for an output file
CODE:type
Specifies the type of machine code to generate
DIAGNOSE
Expands compiler crash dump information
EXTEND
Enables 80-column source input
HEADER
Includes the "options-in-effect" header in the listing file
I4
Allocates 4 bytes for single-precision integers
LINENUMBERS (default)
Includes internal sequence numbers in the compiled program
LIST[:filespec]
Produces a listing file
NOLINENUMBERS
Supresses internal sequence numbers in compiled programs
NOOBJECT
Supresses output of the binary object file
NOOPTIMIZE[:type]
Disables a specific optimization
NOSWAP
Causes a compiled program to keep the USR resident during
execution
NOVECTORS
Specifies array access by multiplication operations
NOWARNINGS
Supresses warning messages during compilation
OBJECT[:filespec]
Specifies a file name for the object file
ONDEBUG
Includes D lines in compilation
OPTIMIZE[:type]
Enables a specific optimization
RECORD:length
Alters the default record length for sequential ASCII
formatted I/O
SHOW:value
Controls the listing content
STATISTICS
Includes compilation statistics in the listing file
SWAP (default)
Causes a compiled program to swap the USR during execution
UNITS:n
Specifies the number of logical units that can be open at once
VECTORS (default)
Specifies array access by tabular lookup
WARNINGS
Includes warning messages in the listing file
EXAMPLES
FORTRAN/LIST MYPROG
FORTRAN/LIST:FILE2 A+B
FORTRAN A+B/LIST,C/NOOBJECT/LIST
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FRUN Loads and starts a foreground program
SYNTAX
FRUN filespec[/options]
SEMANTICS
Filespec is the name of the relocatable file to be run as the
foreground job. The default file type is .REL.
OPTIONS
BUFFER:n
Reserves n words in memory over and above normal program size
NAME:jobname
Assigns the specified logical job name to the job; system job
monitors only
PAUSE
Prints the load address and waits rather than starting the job;
a RESUME command will start the job
TERMINAL:n
Assigns terminal unit n to interact with the foreground job;
multi-terminal monitors only
EXAMPLES
FRUN MYPROG
FRUN DEMOSP/PAUSE
FRUN DEMOFG/BUFFER:1300
FRUN PROG/TERMINAL:3
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GET Loads a memory image file into memory
SYNTAX
GET filespec
SEMANTICS
The memory image is loaded into the background memory area from
the file.
OPTIONS
None
EXAMPLES
GET MACRO
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GT Enables or disables the VT11 or VS60 display hardware
SYNTAX
GT command[/options]
SEMANTICS
If command is OFF, the display hardware is disabled and the
printing console becomes the command terminal.
If command is ON, the VT11 or VS60 display scope becomes the
console terminal.
OPTIONS
L:n
Sets the number of lines of text to display to n (decimal)
T:n
Sets the top of the scroll display to position n (decimal)
EXAMPLES
GT ON
GT ON/L:20/T:900
GT OFF
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HELP Lists helpful information
SYNTAX
HELP[/options][ topic[ subtopic[:items...]...]]
or HELP *
SEMANTICS
HELP * lists the items for which help is available.
HELP lists the HELP text (of which this is a part).
HELP topic lists information on the specific topic only.
HELP topic subtopic lists information on the specific subtopic
only (for example, HELP HELP SEMANTICS lists the paragraph of
which this text is a part).
HELP topic subtopic:item lists only the text associated with
the specific item.
HELP topic/item lists the text associated with the specific item
under the subtopic OPTIONS.
Valid topics are the keyboard monitor commands.
Subtopics are "SYNTAX", "SEMANTICS", "OPTIONS", and "EXAMPLES".
Items are specific command options.
OPTIONS
PRINTER
Prints the HELP text on the line printer
TERMINAL (default)
Types the HELP text on the terminal
EXAMPLES
HELP COPY !Lists information about COPY command
HELP/PRINTER EXECUTE !Prints information about EXECUTE
!command
HELP PRINT OPTION:COPIES!Describes the COPIES option for PRINT
HELP COPY/BOOT/DEVICE !Describes the listed options for COPY
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INITIALIZE Initializes device directories
SYNTAX
INITIALIZE[/options] device
SEMANTICS
Specify only one device. INITIALIZE initializes the device's
file directory and clears it of all files.
Any data on the device is lost.
A default directory size, which depends on the device,
is assigned to the device unless you specify otherwise.
OPTIONS
BADBLOCKS[:RETAIN]
Scans the disk for bad blocks and writes FILE.BAD files over
the bad blocks, retaining any old .BAD files if requested
DOS
Initializes the device you specify in DOS-11 format
FILE:filespec
Creates a bootable magtape by writing the file you specify in
the magtape boot block
INTERCHANGE
Initializes a diskette directory in interchange format
NOQUERY
Does not require confirmation before starting the
initialization
QUERY (default)
Requires confirmation before beginning the initialization
REPLACE[:RETAIN]
Scans a volume for bad blocks and builds a replacement table;
if you specify RETAIN, the existing replacement table
is reused
RESTORE
Restores the directory of an initialized volume if that volume
has not been written on since it was initialized
SEGMENTS:n
Specifies the number of segments in the new directory
VOLUMEID[:ONLY]
Establishes a volume identification and owner name
as part of the initialization; ONLY specifies
that only the volume id is to change,not the owner
WAIT
Waits for user response before continuing the initialization
EXAMPLES
INITIALIZE RK1:
INITIALIZE/SEGMENTS:20 RK1:
INITIALIZE/BADBLOCKS RK:
INITIALIZE/FILE:MBOOT.BOT MT0:
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INSTALL Adds a new device handler to the system
SYNTAX
INSTALL device[,...device]
SEMANTICS
Device is the two-character device name for the new handler; it
must match the name of the handler file (hh.SYS for SJ and FB,
hhX.SYS for XM).
OPTIONS
None
EXAMPLES
INSTALL CR:
INSTALL LP:,CR:,DT:
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LIBRARY Creates and alters object and macro libraries
SYNTAX
LIBRARY[/options] library filespecs[/options]
SEMANTICS
Library is the name of the library file to be created or
modified. Filespecs are the input module file names, separated
by commas (,). The default file types for output files are .LST
for directory listings, .MAC for macro libraries, and .OBJ
for object libraries. The default input file types are .OBJ
for object modules and .MAC for macro libraries.
OPTIONS
ALLOCATE:size
Reserves space for an output file
CREATE
Creates an object library file
DELETE
Deletes an object module from a library
EXTRACT
Extracts an object module from a library and stores it
in an OBJ file
INSERT
Inserts an object module into an existing library
LIST[:filespec]
Lists the directory of an object library
MACRO
Creates a macro library
NOOBJECT
Supresses the creation of a new object library
OBJECT[:filespec]
Specifies the name of the updated library
PROMPT
Indicates that there is more than one line of input to the
librarian
REMOVE
Deletes a specific global symbol (and the entire module of
which it is a part) from the library directory
REPLACE
Replaces modules in an existing library with modules of the
same name
UPDATE
Combines /INSERT and /REPLACE functions
EXAMPLES
LIBRARY/CREATE NEWLIB FIRST,SECOND
LIBRARY/EXTRACT NEWLIB DX1:ATAN
LIBRARY/INSERT/OBJECT:NEWLIB OLDLIB THIRD,FOURTH
LIBRARY/LIST:TT: OLDLIB
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LINK Produces an executable program
SYNTAX
LINK[/options] filespecs
SEMANTICS
Filespecs are the object files to be linked; separate them
with commas (,). Default file types are .OBJ for input files,
.MAP for map output files, and .SAV for memory image output
files.
OPTIONS
ALLOCATE:size
Reserves space for an output file
ALPHABETIZE
Lists global symbols on the link map in alphabetical order
BITMAP (default)
Outputs the program bit map
BOTTOM:n
Specifies the lowest address to be used by the linked program
BOUNDARY:value
Starts a specific program section on a particular address
boundary
DEBUG[:filespec]
Links ODT or the debugging program you specify with your program
EXECUTE[:filespec]
Specifies the name of the memory image file
EXTEND:n
Extends a program section to the size you specify
FILL:n
Initializes unused locations in the memory image file to the
value you specify
FOREGROUND[:stacksize]
Links the program for foreground execution
INCLUDE
Accepts specific global symbols by name for inclusion in the
memory image file
LDA
Produces a file in absolute binary loader format
LINKLIBRARY[:filespec]
Includes the file you specify as a library in the link operation
MAP[:filespec]
Generates a load map
NOBITMAP
Does not output the program bit map if there is code below
location 400
NOEXECUTE
Supresses creation of the memory image file
PROMPT
Indicates that there is more than one line of input to the
linker
ROUND:n
Rounds up a specific program section so that the root
is a multiple of the value you specify
RUN
Initiates execution of the linked program
SLOWLY
Uses the largest possible area for the symbol table during
the link operation
STACK[:n]
Specifies the stack address for the linked program
SYMBOLTABLE[:filespec]
Generates a symbol table file
TOP:n
Specifies the highest address to be used by the linked program
TRANSFER[:n]
Specifies the starting address of the linked program
WIDE
Produces a load map that is 132 columns wide
XM
Specifies that a job to be run under the XM monitor requires the
special SETTOP features
EXAMPLES
LINK MYPROG
LINK RTN1,RTN2,MYPROG/EXECUTE
LINK/MAP:MAPFIL PROG1,PROG2
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LOAD Makes a device handler permanently resident in memory
SYNTAX
LOAD device[=jobtype][,....device[=jobtype]]
SEMANTICS
Device is the two-character permanent device name for the
handler to be made resident. Jobtypes are B for background
and F for foreground. If system job support is present,
jobtype may be any logical job name.
OPTIONS
None
EXAMPLES
LOAD RK:
LOAD DT:=B,MT:,LP:=F
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MACRO Invokes the macro assembler
SYNTAX
MACRO[/options] filespecs[/options]
SEMANTICS
To assemble multiple files (up to six) into a single OBJ file,
separate the files with plus (+) signs in the command line.
Multiple files separated by commas (,) are assembled
independently.
The default file types for output are .LST for listing files
and .OBJ for binary files. The default file type
for input is .MAC.
OPTIONS
ALLOCATE:size
Reserves space for an output file
CROSSREFERENCE[:type[...:type]]
Generates a cross-reference table in the listing file
DISABLE:value[...:value]
Specifies a .DSABL directive
ENABLE:value[...:value]
Specifies an .ENABL directive
LIBRARY
Identifies a file as a macro library file
LIST[:filespec]
Produces a listing file
NOOBJECT
Supresses output of the binary object file
NOSHOW:value
Specifies an .NLIST directive
OBJECT[:filespec]
Specifies a file name for the object file
PASS:1
Specifies a file as a prefix macro or conditional file
SHOW:value
Specifies a .LIST directive
EXAMPLES
MACRO/LIST MYPROG
MACRO/CROSSREFERENCE PROG1+PROG2/LIST/NOOBJECT
MACRO/LIST:FILE.OUT A+B
MACRO PREFIX.MAC/PASS:1+PROG1/LIST/OBJECT
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PRINT Prints files on the line printer
SYNTAX
PRINT[/options] filespecs
SEMANTICS
The PRINT command accepts up to six input file specifications;
separate multiple file specifications with commas (,).
Wildcards are accepted in place of file names or file types.
The default file type is .LST.
If the queue processor is running, files are automatically
queued to the line printer
OPTIONS
COPIES:n
Prints the number of copies you specify
DELETE
Deletes the file after printing it
FLAGPAGE:n
Includes a banner page before the file; valid only if QUEUE
is running
LOG
Lists on the terminal the files printed
NAME:dev:jobname
Associates a job name with the print queue entry and specifies
the device to queue to; valid only if QUEUE is running
NEWFILES
Prints only those files dated with the current system date
NOFLAGPAGE (default)
Does not include a banner page before the file
NOLOG
Supresses the terminal log of files printed
PROMPT
Allows continuation lines; valid only if QUEUE is running
QUERY
Requires confirmation before printing each file
WAIT
Waits for user response before proceeding with the print
EXAMPLES
PRINT A.LST
PRINT/COPIES:3 REPORT
PRINT/DELETE FILE1
PRINT/FLAGPAGE:2 FILE2
PRINT/NEWFILES/QUERY *.LST
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R Loads and executes a memory image file
SYNTAX
R filespec
SEMANTICS
The program to execute is loaded from the system device into
the background area and starts executing. The only valid
device is SY:.
OPTIONS
None
EXAMPLES
R MACRO
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REENTER Starts a program at its reentry address
SYNTAX
REENTER
SEMANTICS
The program that is in memory in the background area is
restarted at its reentry address.
OPTIONS
None
EXAMPLES
REENTER
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REMOVE Removes a device handler from the system
SYNTAX
REMOVE device[,...device]
SEMANTICS
Device is the two-character permanent device name for the
device to be removed from the system.
OPTIONS
None
EXAMPLES
REMOVE LP:
REMOVE CR:,DT:
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RENAME Changes the name of a file
SYNTAX
RENAME[/options] input-filespec output-filespec
SEMANTICS
The RENAME command accepts up to six input file specifications;
separate multiple file specifications with commas (,).
The command accepts only one output file specification.
Wildcards are accepted in place of file names or file types.
The device you specify (if any) must be the same for input
and output files.
OPTIONS
LOG
Lists the renamed files on the terminal
NEWFILES
Renames only those files dated with the current system date
NOLOG
Supresses the terminal log of renamed files
NOPROTECTION
Removes the protected status of files
NOREPLACE
Does not perform the rename operation if a file with the
new name already exists
PROTECTION
Sets files to be protected against deletion
QUERY
Requires confirmation before each rename operation begins
REPLACE (default)
Deletes any previous files with the new name after the
operation completes
SETDATE
Sets the date on the new file name to the current system date
SYSTEM
Renames .SYS files
WAIT
Waits for user response before proceeding with the rename
EXAMPLES
RENAME A.FOR B.FOR
RENAME A%%.MAC *.FOR
RENAME/SYSTEM DX0:MM.SYS DX0:MX.SYS
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RESET Causes a general system reset
SYNTAX
RESET
SEMANTICS
OPTIONS
None
EXAMPLES
RESET
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RESUME Resumes execution of a foreground or system job
SYNTAX
RESUME [jobname]
SEMANTICS
Resumes execution of the foreground or system job after
a SUSPEND command or if an FRUN or SRUN command was used
with the /PAUSE option. If system job support is present,
jobname is the logical name of the job to resume.
OPTIONS
None
EXAMPLES
RESUME
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RUN Loads and starts a program
SYNTAX
RUN filespec[ input-list[ output-list]]
or RUN filespec[ argument]
SEMANTICS
Filespec is the name of the program to be started. The default
file type is .SAV. Any argument or input and output list
you include is passed to the program in CSI format.
OPTIONS
None
EXAMPLES
RUN MYPROG
RUN DX1:MYPROG
RUN DIR DX1:*.* LP:/E
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SAVE Writes memory areas to a file
SYNTAX
SAVE filespec[ parameters]
SEMANTICS
Filespec is the file in which background memory is to be saved.
Parameters are of the form address[-address2][,...] and
specify the areas of memory to be saved. The default is to
save all the background program.
OPTIONS
None
EXAMPLES
SAVE TESTPG
SAVE TABLE 1000-17776
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SET Controls various system options
SYNTAX
SET physical-device-name condition
or SET item condition
SEMANTICS
Physical-device-name is the name of the device handler whose
characteristics are to be modified. Item is a system parameter
to be modified. Separate multiple conditions with commas (,).
See the RT-11 System User's Guide for a list of the handler
characteristics and system parameters that can be changed.
OPTIONS
None
EXAMPLES
SET LP: LC
SET WILD EXPLIC
SET ERROR SEVERE
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SHOW Displays system hardware and software status
SYNTAX
SHOW [options]
SEMANTICS
SHOW<CR> displays the device assignments; other information
is displayed by specifying one or more option names.
OPTIONS
ALL
Shows configuration, devices, jobs, and terminals
CONFIGURATION
Indicates the monitor version number,SET options,
hardware configuration,and SYSGEN options
DEVICES
Indicates the status and vectors of all device handlers on the
system
ERRORS[/options]
Produces on the terminal a report of all system and device
errors; valid only if error logging is present. Options are:
/ALL (default)
Produces the report for all errors
/FILE[:filnam.typ]
Specifies the name of the file containing the logged
errors; defaults to ERRLOG.DAT
/FROM:[date]
Reports only errors that occurred after the date
specified
/OUTPUT:filespec
Produces the report in the specified file
/PRINTER
Produces the report on the line printer
/SUMMARY
Produces a summary report
/TERMINAL (default)
Produces the report on the terminal
/TO:[date]
Reports only errors that occurred before the date
specified
JOBS
Lists the names and status of all loaded jobs
QUEUE[/DEVICE:dev]
Lists the contents of the line printer (or specified device)
queue
TERMINALS
Indicates the status and SET options of all the terminals on the
system (if a multi-terminal monitor)
EXAMPLES
SHOW
SHOW CONFIGURATION
SHOW TERMINALS,CONFIGURATION,DEVICES
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SQUEEZE Rearranges disk files to collect unused file space
SYNTAX
SQUEEZE[/options] device
SEMANTICS
Specify one input device. If you do not specify an output
device, the input device is compressed.
If you specify an output device, the input device is copied to
the output device in a compressed format and the input device
remains unchanged. If you specify an output device, make
sure it was previously initialized.
OPTIONS
NOQUERY
Does not require confirmation before the compression begins
OUTPUT:filespec
Compresses the input device to the output device you specify
rather than onto itself
QUERY (default)
Requires confirmation before the compression begins
WAIT
Waits for user response before proceeding with the squeeze
EXAMPLES
SQUEEZE RK3:
SQUEEZE/OUTPUT:RK1: RK0:
SQUEEZE/NOQUERY DT1:
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SRUN Loads and starts a system job
SYNTAX
SRUN filespec[/options]
SEMANTICS
Filespec is the name of the relocatable file to be run as the
system job. The default file type is .SYS.
OPTIONS
BUFFER:n
Reserves n words in memory over and above normal program size
LEVEL:n
Assigns priority n to the job; n is a number from 1 to 6
NAME:jobname
Assigns the specified logical job name to the system job
PAUSE
Prints the load address and waits rather than starting the job;
a RESUME command will start the job
TERMINAL:n
Assigns terminal unit n to interact with the foreground job;
multi-terminal monitors only
EXAMPLES
SRUN EL/LEVEL:4/TERM:1
SRUN F4JOB.REL/BUFF:1000
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START Initiates the program in memory
SYNTAX
START[ address]
SEMANTICS
Address is an even octal number that specifies an address in
the background job. The program in memory is started at that
address. The default is to use the program's start address.
OPTIONS
None
EXAMPLES
START
START 7002
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SUSPEND Stops execution of the foreground or system job
SYNTAX
SUSPEND [jobname]
SEMANTICS
Suspends execution of the foreground job until a RESUME
command is given. If system job support is present, the
jobname is the logical name of the job to suspend.
OPTIONS
None
EXAMPLES
SUSPEND
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TIME Sets or displays the system time
SYNTAX
TIME[ hh:mm:ss]
SEMANTICS
In the TIME command, hh represents the hour (0-23), mm
represents the minute (0-59), and ss represents the
second (0-59). The system assumes 00 for an omitted field.
OPTIONS
None
EXAMPLES
TIME 11:15
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TYPE Outputs files to the terminal
SYNTAX
TYPE[/options] filespecs
SEMANTICS
The TYPE command accepts up to six input file specifications;
separate multiple file specifications with commas (,).
Wildcards are accepted in place of file names or file types.
The default file type is .LST.
OPTIONS
COPIES:n
Types the file the number of times you specify
DELETE
Deletes the file after typing it
LOG
Logs the names of the files typed
NEWFILES
Types only those files dated with the current system date
NOLOG
Supresses the log of the files typed
QUERY
Requires confirmation before typing each file
WAIT
Waits for user response before proceeding with the type
EXAMPLES
TYPE A.LST
TYPE/COPIES:3 REPORT
TYPE/NEWFILES *.LST
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UNLOAD Removes a resident device handler from memory
SYNTAX
UNLOAD device[,...device]
SEMANTICS
Device is the physical device name of the device handler to
be removed from memory. UNLOAD F removes a foreground program
that is not running. UNLOAD jobname unloads a system job,
if system job support is present.
OPTIONS
None
EXAMPLES
UNLOAD RK:
UNLOAD LP:,DT:
UNLOAD F
UNLOAD QUEUE
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This page last updated on July 20, 2001.